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  ++ grep,egrep,sed,awk»ç¿ë¹ý(Á¤±ÔÇ¥Çö½Ä)  -  2006/11/21 19:13

¢Æ grep : ÆÐÅÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ search => regular expressionÀ» Àß ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.

  grep option(s) pattern filename(s)

OS/tdir] grep -n dba /etc/group           # -n : ÆÄÀÏ ¾È¿¡¼­ÀÇ ÆÐÅÏÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÈ ¶óÀÎ ¹× ¶óÀÎ ¹øÈ£
OS/tdir] grep
-v dba /etc/group           # -v  : ÆÐÅÏÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ¶óÀÎ
OS/tdir] grep -n dba
/etc/group /etc/passwd          # ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¿©·¯°³ ³ª¿­...
OS/tdir] grep
-i the ~/tdir/*                 # -i : ´ë¼Ò±¸ºÐ ¹«½Ã(ignore) => the ´ë¼Ò±¸ºÐ ¾øÀÌ
OS/tdir] grep
-li the ~/tdir/*                 # -l : ÆÐÅÏÀÌ µé¾îÀÖ´Â ÆÄÀÏ À̸§¸¸... 
OS/tdir] grep
-c the ~/tdir/*                 # -c : ÆÐÅÏÀÌ µé¾îÀÖ´Â ¶óÀÎ ¹øÈ£¸¸...

[ÆÐÅÏÀ» Á»´õ Á¤±³ÇÏ°Ô Ç¥ÇöÇÏ·Á¸é regular expressionÀ» »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù]

^      : ^ÆÐÅÏ            : ÆÐÅÏÀ¸·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ¶óÀΠã±â
$      : ÆÐÅÏ$           : ÆÐÅÏÀ¸·Î ³¡³ª´Â ¸ðµç ¶óÀΠã±â
.       : d...              : d·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â 4ÀÚ¸® character ã±â
*      : [a-d]*          : a, b, c, d·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â character ã±â
[]    : [Dd]atabase  : Database ¶Ç´Â database ã±â
[^]   : [^D]             : D°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â ¶óÀΠã±â

OS/tdir] grep -i ^the ~/tdir/*              # the·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ¶óÀΠã±â
OS/tdir] grep -i
meal.$ ~/tdir/*          # meal.À¸·Î ³¡³ª´Â ¶óÀΠã±â
OS/tdir] grep
c...d ~/tdir/*                # c·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ°í d·Î ³¡³ª´Â 5ÀÚ¸® character ã±â

================================================================

¢Æ  egrep(expression grep) : searches  files  for  a pattern of characters
                                           and prints all lines that contain that pattern.

 

OS/tdir] egrep '(a|A)d+' /etc/passwd   # ad ¶Ç´Â Ad°¡ Æ÷ÇԵȠ¶óÀΠã±â
OS/tdir] vi grep_test                               # ¾Æ·¡ ³»¿ëÀ» Ãß°¡Çϼ¼¿ä... ºÙ¿©³Ö±â... ^^

An Oracle database is a collection of data treated as a unit.
The purpose of a database is to store and retrieve related information.
A database server is the key to solving the problems of information management.

OS/tdir] egrep 'Oracle|purpose' grep_test   # Oracle ¶Ç´Â purpose°¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ¶óÀΠã±â 

===============================================================

¢Æ sed : stream editor => fileÀ» ¿­Áö ¾Ê°í data¸¦ ÆíÁýÇÏ´Â ±â´É

  sed [-options] [address] command file... [>newfile]

 

# sed '/pattern/d' filename       # file¿¡¼­ ÆÐÅÏÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ¶óÀÎÀ» Áö¿ì°í ±× °á°ú¸¦ È­¸é¿¡ Ç¥½Ã
                                                #
¿øº» ÆÄÀÏ¿¡´Â ¾Æ¹«·± º¯È­°¡ ¾ø´Ù.

OS/tdir] cp grep_test sed_test
OS/tdir] cat sed_test
OS/tdir] sed
'/purpose/d' sed_test                  # purpose ¶ó´Â ´Ü¾î°¡ µé¾î°£ ¶óÀÎ »èÁ¦

 # sed '#d' filename      : # ¶óÀθ¸ »èÁ¦
# sed
'$d' filename      : ¸¶Áö¸· ¶óÀÎ »èÁ¦ 
# sed
'#,$d' filename   : # ¶óÀκÎÅÍ ¸¶Áö¸· ¶óÀαîÁö Áö¿ì±â
# sed
'#,#d' filename   : # ¶óÀκÎÅÍ # ¶óÀαîÁö Áö¿ì±â  

OS/tdir] sed '1d' sed_test     # 1 ¶óÀθ¸ »èÁ¦
OS/tdir] sed
'$d' sed_test     # ¸¶Áö¸· ¶óÀθ¸ »èÁ¦

OS/tdir] sed '/purpose/d' sed_test > set_out     # sed ó¸® °á°ú¸¦ sed_out À¸·Î ÀúÀå
OS/tdir] cat set_out

OS/tdir] sed '/purpose/p' sed_test             # ÆÐÅÏÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ¶óÀÎÀÌ µÎ¹ø Ãâ·Â(print)µÈ´Ù. 
OS/tdir] sed
-n '/purpose/p' sed_test        # ÆÐÅÏÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ¶óÀθ¸ Ãâ·ÂµÈ´Ù.

OS/tdir] sed 's/$/  Oracle/' sed_test       # °¢ ¶óÀÎÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ ¿øÇÏ´Â ±ÛÀÚ Ãß°¡

OS/tdir] sed 's/  */#/g' sed_test              # space¸¦ ã¾Æ¼­ #±âÈ£·Î º¯È¯ÇÑ´Ù.
OS/tdir] sed '
s/  */-/g' sed_test              # space¸¦ ã¾Æ¼­ -±âÈ£·Î º¯È¯ÇÑ´Ù.
                                                                      # * ±âÈ£ ¾Õ¿¡ space°¡ µÎ°³¶ó´Â Á¡¿¡ À¯ÀÇ

OS/tdir] # Çѹø¿¡ ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ÆíÁý ¼öÇà
OS/tdir] sed
-e 's/database/DATABASE/g' -e 's/information/INFORMATION/g' sed_test

===============================================================

¢Æ awk : ÆÐÅÏ °Ë»ö°ú 󸮸¦ À§ÇÑ ¾ð¾î

=> ¸í·É¾îÀÇ À̸§Àº °³¹ßÀÚÀÎ Alfred V. Aho, Peter J. Weinberger, Brian W. Kernighan 3ÀÎÀÇ
    ¸Ó¸®±ÛÀÚ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇؼ­ ¸¸µç °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

  awk '{ action}' filename

OS/tdir] ls -l | awk '{print $0}'              # Àüü Çʵ尡 ¸ðµÎ ³ªÅ¸³ªµµ·Ï... 

drwxr-xr-x   2   prof9i4  dba          512  4¿ù   25ÀÏ  15:44   a_dir
drwxr-xr-x   2   prof9i4  dba          512  4¿ù   18ÀÏ  23:53   b_dir

     $1     $2     $3   $4         $5  $6   $7     $8    $9 
                                        $0                                            

 

OS/tdir] ls -l | awk '{print $1}'                    # 1¹ø Çʵ常 ³ªÅ¸µµ·Ï...
OS/tdir] ls -l | awk '{print $1, $9}'               # 1¹ø°ú 9¹ø Çʵ常 ³ªÅ¸³ªµµ·Ï...
OS/tdir] ls -l | awk '{print $3 "\t" $4 "\t" $9}'                # Tab Å°°¡ Àû¿ëµÈ °á°ú...
OS/tdir] ls -lt | awk '{print $9, "is using", $5, "bytes"}'     # text Ãß°¡
OS/tdir] ls -lt | awk '
$5 <= 200 {print $0}'   # 5¹ø Çʵ尡 200 ÀÌÇÏÀÏ °æ¿ì Ãâ·Â 







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